Dato Dr Niraj’s Women’s Specialist Clinic
Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

It is important to have your health screened for any health issues or abnormalities from time to time, more so when you're preparing for a pregnancy or are in the midst of one. Health screening for women before or during pregnancy may be different from the usual health screening, with some specific procedures like mammograms and ultrasound scans included. You can contact the clinic to see what health screening packages they provide.

The Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Neural Tube Defect Screening is a screening procedure to detect any risk of Down Syndrome for the baby during pregnancy. This is usually also done as part of a pregnancy triple test or quadruple test screening procedure.

A haemoglobin electropheoresis is a blood screening test to detect different types of haemoglobin in blood. This procedure is usually done as part of a pregnancy health screening to screen for any genetic conditions like thallassemia or sickle cell anaemia. Newborn babies can also undergo this screening test to detect any risks of genetic haemoglobin disorders.

For both the health and wellbeing of the mother and the baby, influenza vaccines are administrated to prevent any risk of influenze outbreak affecting your pregnancy. Sometimes, these vaccines are administered for the husband or other family members around the mother and baby too.

Hepatitis B screening and vaccine is recommended to be done as early as possible, and is compulsory for all pregnant women who have not been immunized before, and if you have any of the following characteristics: - More than one sex partner during the previous 6 months - Previous evaluation or treatment for a sexually transmitted disease - Recent or current injection of drug use - Hepatitis B-positive sex partner Hepatitis B vaccine is done to minimize the risk of congenital infection and carrier status.

Brith defect screenings are usually done as part of a pregnancy triple or quadruple test during the first trimester of pregnancy (usually between weeks 11 to 13). These screenings include blood tests and ultrasounds, to detect any risk of birth defects related to the baby's heart or genetic disorders like Down Syndrome.

A pregnancy triple test is a blood screening test for a pregnant mother that looks for 3 subtances in blood: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and estriol (uE3). These are done to analyse how likely an unborn baby is to have certain genetic disorders like Down Syndrome. This test is usually done during the first or second trimester of pregnancy.

A pregnancy quadruple test is a blood screening test for a pregnant mother that looks for 4 subtances in blood: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), estriol (uE3), and the hormone Inhibin-A. These are done to analyse how likely an unborn baby is to have certain genetic disorders like Down Syndrome. The test is usually done during the first or second trimester of pregnancy.

An obstetric risk factors examination should be done before or early into your pregnancy so that any pregnancy risks can be examined and ways to reduce the risks can be discussed. Some common symptoms that are examined during this phase are vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain and vomiting. If you feel any discomfort, do let your doctor know so that the right diagnosis can be carried out.

Before you have a baby, you can get a family planning consultation so that you and your partner can get medical and social advice from the specialist doctor on your plans in building a family, particularly on the aspect of childbirth in relation to your health condition.

Weight gain is a normal result of pregnancy. Early in your pregnancy period, you can discuss with your doctor on the estimated weight you would gain throughout your pregnancy. On the other hand, the doctor can also advise you on suitable weight gain plans so that your body can support the development of the baby.

Throughout your pregnancy, your doctor will check the rate and rhythm of your baby's heartbeat to make sure your baby is healthy. Your doctor can check your baby's heartbeat via a Doppler ultrasound or a nonstress test.

During pregnancy, your uterus will grow to prepare yourself for childbirth. So throughout your pregnancy period during your routine check ups by the doctor, your uterus size will be measured to check for any irregularities.

In the 3rd trimester of your pregnancy, your doctor can begin to conduct tests to determine your baby's gender. This is done either via blood test (noninvasive prenatal testing, NIPT) or an ultrasound. Not everyone can have their babies' gender determined at the same time of pregnancy. Some can have it determined earlier (in the 2nd trimester) while some have it later.

Antenatal education help you and your partner in your preparation for childbirth and early parenthood, and is a recommended step to take prior to childbirth. You can learn how to be prepared for the highs and lows of parenthood, and handy know-hows when going through the later stages of pregnancy, and when handling your new born baby.

A Group B Strep Vaginal and Rectal Culture is usually done in the 3rd trimester, around 35-37 weeks. Group B Streptococcus (Group B Strep, or GBS) is a type of bacterial infection that can be found in a pregnant woman's vagina or rectum, and can be passed to the baby during childbirth. Hence, treatment (usually antibiotics) can be planned early if GBS is detected during pregnancy.

A pregnancy non-stress test, also known as fetal (baby) heart rate monitoring, is a common prenatal test to check a baby's health through his or her heartrate. During the test, a belt is attached to the mother's abdomen to measure the baby's heart rate and another belt is used to measure the contractions. Treatment duration: 30 minutes

A pregnancy antibody screening looks for specific antibodies that may be present in your blood but may be harmful for your baby. Through the test, the doctor can identify if your blood contains any antibody that can affect your baby's health, and can plan treatment steps to prevent this from happening.

MRSA is a bacteria that can be present during pregnancy. MRSA infection happens when the bacteria gets into the body through a break in the skin, and can create a problem if the wound during childbirth Caesarean section becomes infected. An MRSA screening can be done during routine pregnancy screening tests, and is especially recommended if you have any of the following circumstances: - Opting to have a Caeserean section childbirth - have previously been infected with MRSA - have any wounds - have a urinary catheter

Having a child for the first time can be a challenge for new mothers, so undergoing postnatal education can be very helpful with doctors and nurses to help guide you during this new phase of life. Talk to your doctor about your concerns and preferences to plan how you can get through this period of time with your family comfortably.

Giving birth to a child is a very special experience, both physically and emotionally. For new parents especially, having a child for the first time can bring anxiety despite the joy. Having a postnatal emotional status screening is a common routine checkup done for mothers after giving birth to detect and mental signs of baby blues or postpartum depression.

Contraceptive, or birth control, is how to prevent pregnancy before it begins. After your childbirth, depending on your family planning, you may want to have some contraceptive planning to prevent any pregnancies within a certain period of time. There are several different methods to contraception, you can discuss with your doctor to see which is the most suitable for you according to your needs and preferences.

Postpartum depression is the mental depression developed following childbirth and is common due to the mental health distress developed during and after pregnancy. Hence, a postpartum depression screening is an important procedure for mothers after childbirth so that both you and the doctor can make sure there are not mental health issues present to ensure a healthy post-pregnancy experience.

A pregnancy ultrasound can be used to confirm the dates of pregnancy and general wellbeing of the fetus (baby), and also to detect any structural anomalies and growth of the fetus. It can be done during the initial visit and is usually part of pregnancy routine health screenings throughout the pregnancy period. Ultrasounds are not invasive, so it brings no risk to you or your baby. It provides an image of the baby in the womb. During an ultrasound, gel is applied on your abdomen area to allow sound waves from the ultrasound probe to pass into your uterus. The ultrasound probe is then moved over your abdomen to produce an ultrasound image via the reflection of the sound waves off the baby. There are several different types of ultrasound like 2D ultrasound, 3D ultrasound, 5D ultrasound, and Doppler ultrasound.

• Fetal Diseases

A pregnancy ultrasound can be used to confirm the dates of pregnancy and general wellbeing of the fetus (baby), and also to detect any structural anomalies and growth of the fetus. It can be done during the initial visit and is usually part of pregnancy routine health screenings throughout the pregnancy period. Ultrasounds are not invasive, so it brings no risk to you or your baby. It provides an image of the baby in the womb. During an ultrasound, gel is applied on your abdomen area to allow sound waves from the ultrasound probe to pass into your uterus. The ultrasound probe is then moved over your abdomen to produce an ultrasound image via the reflection of the sound waves off the baby. A 2D ultrasound gives you outlines and flat 2D images, so you and the doctor can see the internal organges of the baby and detect any risks of heart defects, kidney issues or other internal health issues.

A pregnancy ultrasound can be used to confirm the dates of pregnancy and general wellbeing of the fetus (baby), and also to detect any structural anomalies and growth of the fetus. It can be done during the initial visit and is usually part of pregnancy routine health screenings throughout the pregnancy period. Ultrasounds are not invasive, so it brings no risk to you or your baby. It provides an image of the baby in the womb. During an ultrasound, gel is applied on your abdomen area to allow sound waves from the ultrasound probe to pass into your uterus. The ultrasound probe is then moved over your abdomen to produce an ultrasound image via the reflection of the sound waves off the baby. A 3D ultrasound gives you 3-dimensional images that can see both the internal organs of the baby and also external images that can be helpful in diagnosing physical issues like a cleft lip.

A pregnancy ultrasound can be used to confirm the dates of pregnancy and general wellbeing of the fetus (baby), and also to detect any structural anomalies and growth of the fetus. It can be done during the initial visit and is usually part of pregnancy routine health screenings throughout the pregnancy period. Ultrasounds are not invasive, so it brings no risk to you or your baby. It provides an image of the baby in the womb. During an ultrasound, gel is applied on your abdomen area to allow sound waves from the ultrasound probe to pass into your uterus. The ultrasound probe is then moved over your abdomen to produce an ultrasound image via the reflection of the sound waves off the baby. There are several different types of ultrasound like 2D ultrasound, 3D ultrasound, 5D ultrasound, and Doppler ultrasound.

• Fetal Diseases

A Doppler Ultrasound is a non-invasive test used to estimate the blood flow in blood vessels. This is obtained through the bouncing high-frequency sound waves (ultrasounds) off the circulating red blood cells. In pregnancy, Doppler ultrasound is used to study the blood circulation in different parts of your fetus (baby) such as the umbilical cord, brain, and heart, your uterus and placenta.

A transvaginal ultrasound is an internal ultrasound done through the vagina to examine your uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, cervix and vagina. A transvaginal ultrasound may be done during pregnancy to monitor the heartbeat of the fetus or to diagnose any abnormalities in the female reproductive organ prior to conception. Other that pregnancy, you can also have a transvaginal ultrasound for a screening if you have: - vaginal bleeding - pelvic pain - infertility - cysts or uterine fibroids

• Gynaecological Diseases

A transvaginal ultrasound is an internal ultrasound done through the vagina to examine your uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, cervix and vagina. A transvaginal ultrasound may be done during pregnancy to monitor the heartbeat of the fetus or to diagnose any abnormalities in the female reproductive organ prior to conception. Other that pregnancy, you can also have a transvaginal ultrasound for a screening if you have: - vaginal bleeding - pelvic pain - infertility - cysts or uterine fibroids

• Gynaecological Diseases

Pelvic ultrasound uses sound waves to produce pictures of the internal organs around the lower abdomen and pelvis area. It is usually used to examine the reproductive and urinary system. Also known as gynaecological ultrasound, it can also be used during pregnancy to monitor the health and development of the embryo or fetus (baby).

Gynaecological ultrasound uses sound waves to produce pictures of the internal organs around the lower abdomen and pelvis area. It is usually used to examine the reproductive and urinary system. Also known as pelvic ultrasound, it can also be used during pregnancy to monitor the health and development of the embryo or fetus (baby).

• Gynaecological Diseases

Pregnancy nausea is very common among pregnant mothers, with up to 70% of mothers experiencing it, especially during early pregnancy. The cause of pregnancy nausea is not completely known, but is often linked to hormonal changes during pregnancy. If your pregnancy nausea symptoms are giving your discomfort or affecting your lifestyle, you can consult a women specialist doctor for a treatment.

• Pregnancy Nausea
• Pregnancy Problems

Pregnancy insomnia is the inability to sleep during your pregnancy period, and is very common among pregnant mothers, affecting more than 70% fo pregnant women. Pregnancy insomnia can include the following symptoms: - Difficulty falling asleep - Waking up frequently during sleep - Difficulty returning to sleep - Unrefreshing sleep There are different causes to pregnancy insomnia, and treatment should depend on the specific cause.

• Pregnancy Insomnia
• Pregnancy Problems

Pregnancy bleeding is common and can happen during the first trimester (the first 12 weeks of pregnancy). However, if you experience abnormal bleeding in large amounts or for long periods of time, you should consult a women specialist doctor immediately to check for any complications in your pregnancy.

• Pregnancy Bleeding
• Pregnancy Problems

Heartburns are caused by stomach acid that are passed back into the oesophagus from the stomach. And this can be more common during pregnancy because the progesterone hormone causes the valve between the stomach and the oesophagus to relax.

• Pregnancy Heartburn
• Pregnancy Problems

A high risk pregnancy can be caused by existing health conditions, high blood pressure, diabetes, HIV-related diseases, and other health conditions. Due to a higher risk in pregnancy, a greater number of prenatal care consultations is required for the doctor to monitor your health condition. The doctor will also plan a structured guide for you to follow to minimize any health risks throughout your pregnancy.

It is normal to experience back pain during pregnancy. This happens because during your pregnancy, your body produces a hormone called relaxin that relaxes your pelvic area and loosens the pelvic joints to prepare for the childbirth process. However, this same hormone also causes the ligaments that support your spine and backbone to loosen and relax, causing instability and pain. You can let your doctor check on your back pain problem so that your doctor can advise you on the best treatment, whether it is a medical treatment or a daily practice for your back pain relieft.

• Pregnancy Back Pain
• Pregnancy Problems

Postpartum depression is the mental depression developed following childbirth and is common due to the mental health distress developed during and after pregnancy. It is important to screen for pregnancy depression symptoms from time to time throughout the pregnancy period so that the right treatment can be planned by the doctor.

• Depression In Pregnancy
• Pregnancy Problems

Sometimes not all pregnancies are planned and expected. For unexpected or planned pregnancies, guidance and support can be provided by women specialist doctors so that new and expectant mothers are not alone in handling this new phase of life.

Miscarriage, which is the loss of the foetus (baby) during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, is the most common type of pregnancy loss. During this event, the experience can be a very difficult one for both the mother and the father. Proper management is required during this period of time, and you can always consult your doctor if you need any help of advice.

Amenorrhea is the condition where menstruation is not present. Do you have amenorrhea? The usual symptom is if you have missed at least three menstrual periods in a row, or if you haven't begun menstruation by the age of 15. You can consult a women specialist doctor for your absence of period for an accurate diagnosis or treatment.

• Amenorrhea

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that can happen to women who are at the reproductive age. Some symptoms of PCOS are irregular periods, increase in male hormones and characteristics, acne problems, and ovaries functioning problems. Obstetrics & Gynaecology (Women Specialist)

PCOS affects 20% of women, and most women don't know about it. It is a condition that can lead to heart problems, diabetes or difficulty to conceive.

PCOS can be caused by different factors and may also lead to complications. An accurate diagnosis by a women specialist doctor is needed to treat the condition.

Menorrhagia is abnormally heavy or prolonged bleeding during a menstrual period. Some of the symptoms of menorrhagia include: - soaking through one or more sanitary pads for several consecutive hours - needing to wake up to change sanitary pads when sleeping at night - menstrual bleeding for more than a week If you have abnormally heavy bleeding during your period, you should consult a women specialist doctor to accurately diagnose the condition.

• Metrorrhagia (Irregular Periods)

Dysmenorrhea is the pain suffered during menstrual periods, also known as menstrual cramps. While certain degree of period pain is normal, sometimes dysmenorrhea can also be a sign of underlying health conditions like endometriosis. If you consistently suffere from very painful periods, it is best to have a consultation with a women specialist doctor to diagnose any potential health risk.

• Dysmenorrhea (Menstrual Cramps)

Artificial insemination is a fertility treatment to help you get pregnant. During the procedure, the doctor inserts sperm directly into your cervix, fallopian tubes, or uterus to induce a pregnancy directly by making the trip shorter for the sperm to get to the ovum. Artificial insemination is commonly used for fertility problems like low sperm count, weak sperm activity, or endometriosis.

• Infertility

Embryo transfer is the procedure of transferring an embryo to the woman's uterus, usually as the final step in an IVF (In Vitro Fertilisation) process. Embryo transfer facilitates conception following fertilisation from the IVF procedure.

• Infertility

Ovulation induction helps to induce your body into producing ovum in the ovaries and be released, to increase the chace of conception through timed sexual intercourse or artificial insemination. Ovulation induction is usually done through taking medication, and is suitable for women who produce a low level of ovulation hormones.

• Infertility

IVF is a procedure to treat fertility problems and help in the successful conception of a child. During an IVF process, mature eggs are retrieved from your ovaries and is fertilised by sperm in a laboratory. Once fertilised, the egg, now an embryo, is implanted into your uterus for the pregnancy to take place. Once cycle of IVF takes approximately 2 weeks.

• Infertility

• Infertility

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is carried out by inserting the husband’s sperm into the wife’s womb, where the sperm will fertilise the egg on its own. On the other hand, in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) is where the wife’s egg is extracted from the ovary and combined with the husband’s sperm in a laboratory. The fertilised egg (or embryo) is then inserted back into the wife’s womb. Not every couple seeking treatment will have to undergo IVF. If the husband has a normal sperm count, the wife is producing healthy eggs, and if at least one of the wife’s Fallopian tubes is not blocked, the couple can consider IUI. IVF will usually be considered if the husband’s sperm count is low, the wife is above the age of 40, if both tubes are blocked and if she has not conceived after several attempts of IUI.

• Infertility

A semen analysis allows your doctor to determine whether or not you may have fertility problems. Through a semen analysis, you can find out: - The concentration of your sperm - The mobility of your sperm - The volume of your semen - The pH value of your semen - The liquefaction time of your semen - The fructose level of your semen

• Infertility

Infertility can be caused by various reasons, and one of them is hormonal problems. You can get a hormone test to chekc on your oestrogen and progesterone levels (female hormones) to see if there are any conditions that are affecting your fertility.

• Infertility

• Infertility

A Hysterosalpingogram (HSG) Tubal Patency Screening tests for any blocked fallopian tubes that can cause infertility. During the procedure, the doctor inserts a cannula into your cervix to reach your uterus and take images of your internal reproductive organ with a fluoroscope X-ray to check for any blocked fallopian tubes.

Sometimes, there are proteins in a man or woman's body that can be anti-sperm, that is, it fights against sperm and makes it ineffective. These proteins can be found in blood, vaginal fluids, or semen. An anti-sperm antibodies test can screen for any presence of these proteins and follow with suitable treatments.

• Infertility

Menstrual cycles are the duration between the first days of your periods within 2 months consecutively. Your doctor can help you in monitoring your menstrual cycles to check if there are any abnormalities.

Amenorrhea is the condition where menstruation is not present. Do you have amenorrhea? The usual symptom is if you have missed at least three menstrual periods in a row, or if you haven't begun menstruation by the age of 15. You can consult a women specialist doctor for your absence of period for an accurate diagnosis or treatment.

• Amenorrhea

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that can happen to women who are at the reproductive age. Some symptoms of PCOS are irregular periods, increase in male hormones and characteristics, acne problems, and ovaries functioning problems. Obstetrics & Gynaecology (Women Specialist)

PCOS affects 20% of women, and most women don't know about it. It is a condition that can lead to heart problems, diabetes or difficulty to conceive.

PCOS can be caused by different factors and may also lead to complications. An accurate diagnosis by a women specialist doctor is needed to treat the condition.

Menorrhagia is abnormally heavy or prolonged bleeding during a menstrual period. Some of the symptoms of menorrhagia include: - soaking through one or more sanitary pads for several consecutive hours - needing to wake up to change sanitary pads when sleeping at night - menstrual bleeding for more than a week If you have abnormally heavy bleeding during your period, you should consult a women specialist doctor to accurately diagnose the condition.

• Metrorrhagia (Irregular Periods)

Dysmenorrhea is the pain suffered during menstrual periods, also known as menstrual cramps. While certain degree of period pain is normal, sometimes dysmenorrhea can also be a sign of underlying health conditions like endometriosis. If you consistently suffere from very painful periods, it is best to have a consultation with a women specialist doctor to diagnose any potential health risk.

• Dysmenorrhea (Menstrual Cramps)

Laparascopic Hysterectomy is the surgical procedure to remove the uterus via small incisions rather than traditional surgery. During the procedure, small incisions are made on your abdomen and the surgeon will remove the uterus while viewing from a camera inserted through the incision. Hysterectomy is usually done as a procedure for conditions such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis, pelvic organ prolapse, or cancer.

• Gynaecological Diseases

Extrafascial hysterectomy, also known as extended hysterectomy or total hysterectomy, is the surgical procedure to remove the whole uterus along with the cervix. Some factors that lead to hysterectomy are uterine fibroids, endometriosis, pelvic organ prolaps, or cancer. Based on the condition requiring hysterectomy, the procedures may differ. You should discuss with your doctor in detail regarding any surgical decisions made.

• Gynaecological Diseases

An abdominal hysterectomy is the surgical procedure to remove your uterus via making an incision in your lower abdomen. Some factors that lead to hysterectomy are uterine fibroids, endometriosis, pelvic organ prolapse, or cancer. There are 3 types of hysterectomy: -Total hysterectomy: removal of the entire uterus including the cervix -Partial hysterectomy: removal of upper part of the uterus -Radical hysterectomy: removal of uterus and structures around the uterus Based on the condition requiring hysterectomy, the procedures may differ. You should discuss with your doctor in detail regarding any surgical decisions made.

• Endometriosis
• Gynaecological Diseases

Endometrial hyperplasia is the condition where the endometrium (tissue lining the inside of the uterus) is too thick. This can be caused by excess oestrogen hormones without the presence of progesterone hormones. In some cases, endometrial hyperplasia may lead to cancer. So it is important that you get treatment as soon as possible. Treatments for endometrial hyperplasia include progestin medication or hysterectomy, depending on the condition.

• Endometrial Hyperplasia

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection that can affect both males and females, usually affecting the urethra, cervix, rectum or the throat. Gonorrhea is common and its symptoms can be hard to detect. Treatments usually involves medications or injections.

• Gonorrhea
• Skin Disease

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection on the skin, usually on the genitals, rectum or mouth. Syphilis can spread from one person to another via skin contact. Early syphilis is mild and can be cured. If left untreated for a long period of time, syphilis can become severe and damage other parts of our body. Treatments for syphilis usually involves medication or injection.

• Syphilis
• Skin Disease

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is a vaginal infection caused by sexually transmitted bacteria, usually affecting your uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries. Some of the symptoms of PID include: -lower abdomen and pelvic pain -heavy vaginal discharge with odour -abnormal vaginal bleeding outside of menstrual periods -pain or bleeding during sexual intercourse and urination You should consult a doctor immediately to diagnose and treat this disease before it develops further.

• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition where an organ in the pelvis slips down from their normal position and bulge into the womb (uterus), bowel, bladder, or vagina. Some of the symptoms you will experience if you have a pelvic organ prolapse are: -heavy feeling around your pelvis -discomfort and feeling like there is something in your vagina -a bulge or lump in your vagina -urinary incontinence (problem controlling urination) or a feeling like your bladder is never empty Mild pelvic organ prolapse may not require treatment, but if you feel discomfort, you can consult a women specialist doctor to see if you may require a treatment or surgery, depending on the type and severity of the prolapse.

• Pelvic Organ Prolapse

If you have a cyst on your ovary, the doctor will first check the type of the cyst to see if it is fluid filled, solid, or mixed. If the doctor determines that the cyst needs to be removed surgicallly, a laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy can be done. Treatment duration: 1-2 hours

If you have a cyst on your ovary, the doctor will first check the type of the cyst to see if it is fluid filled, solid, or mixed. If the doctor determines that the cyst needs to be removed surgicallly, a laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy can be done. Treatment duration: 1-2 hours

• Ovarian Cyst

A Pap smear test, also known as the pap test, is a screening procedure to detect any potential risks of cervical cancer. During the procedure, cells from your cervix (the opening of your uterus) are gently scraped away to be examined for any abnormalities. What is an abnormal pap smear? An abnormal pap smear result is caused by abnormal cell changes due to certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV). This can be a sign of cervical cancer or other female reproductive system health conditions. In this case, it is best to seek for treatment immediately. You can discuss with your doctor for the most accurate treatment for your condition.

• Cervical Cancer
• Cervical Diseases
• Gynaecological Diseases
• Abnormal Pap Smear

Hysterectomy is the surgical procedure to remove the uterus. Some factors that lead to hysterectomy are uterine fibroids, endometriosis, pelvic organ prolapse, or cancer. There are 3 types of hysterectomy: -Total hysterectomy: removal of the entire uterus including the cervix -Partial hysterectomy: removal of upper part of the uterus -Radical hysterectomy: removal of uterus and structures around the uterus Based on the condition requiring hysterectomy, the procedures may differ. You should discuss with your doctor in detail regarding any surgical decisions made.

• Endometriosis
• Gynaecological Diseases

Laparascopic Hysterectomy is the surgical procedure to remove the uterus via small incisions rather than traditional surgery. During the procedure, small incisions are made on your abdomen and the surgeon will remove the uterus while viewing from a camera inserted through the incision. Hysterectomy is usually done as a procedure for conditions such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis, pelvic organ prolapse, or cancer.

• Gynaecological Diseases

Extrafascial hysterectomy, also known as extended hysterectomy or total hysterectomy, is the surgical procedure to remove the whole uterus along with the cervix. Some factors that lead to hysterectomy are uterine fibroids, endometriosis, pelvic organ prolaps, or cancer. Based on the condition requiring hysterectomy, the procedures may differ. You should discuss with your doctor in detail regarding any surgical decisions made.

• Gynaecological Diseases

An abdominal hysterectomy is the surgical procedure to remove your uterus via making an incision in your lower abdomen. Some factors that lead to hysterectomy are uterine fibroids, endometriosis, pelvic organ prolapse, or cancer. There are 3 types of hysterectomy: -Total hysterectomy: removal of the entire uterus including the cervix -Partial hysterectomy: removal of upper part of the uterus -Radical hysterectomy: removal of uterus and structures around the uterus Based on the condition requiring hysterectomy, the procedures may differ. You should discuss with your doctor in detail regarding any surgical decisions made.

• Endometriosis
• Gynaecological Diseases

A pregnancy ultrasound can be used to confirm the dates of pregnancy and general wellbeing of the fetus (baby), and also to detect any structural anomalies and growth of the fetus. It can be done during the initial visit and is usually part of pregnancy routine health screenings throughout the pregnancy period. Ultrasounds are not invasive, so it brings no risk to you or your baby. It provides an image of the baby in the womb. During an ultrasound, gel is applied on your abdomen area to allow sound waves from the ultrasound probe to pass into your uterus. The ultrasound probe is then moved over your abdomen to produce an ultrasound image via the reflection of the sound waves off the baby. There are several different types of ultrasound like 2D ultrasound, 3D ultrasound, 5D ultrasound, and Doppler ultrasound.

• Fetal Diseases

A pregnancy ultrasound can be used to confirm the dates of pregnancy and general wellbeing of the fetus (baby), and also to detect any structural anomalies and growth of the fetus. It can be done during the initial visit and is usually part of pregnancy routine health screenings throughout the pregnancy period. Ultrasounds are not invasive, so it brings no risk to you or your baby. It provides an image of the baby in the womb. During an ultrasound, gel is applied on your abdomen area to allow sound waves from the ultrasound probe to pass into your uterus. The ultrasound probe is then moved over your abdomen to produce an ultrasound image via the reflection of the sound waves off the baby. A 2D ultrasound gives you outlines and flat 2D images, so you and the doctor can see the internal organges of the baby and detect any risks of heart defects, kidney issues or other internal health issues.

A pregnancy ultrasound can be used to confirm the dates of pregnancy and general wellbeing of the fetus (baby), and also to detect any structural anomalies and growth of the fetus. It can be done during the initial visit and is usually part of pregnancy routine health screenings throughout the pregnancy period. Ultrasounds are not invasive, so it brings no risk to you or your baby. It provides an image of the baby in the womb. During an ultrasound, gel is applied on your abdomen area to allow sound waves from the ultrasound probe to pass into your uterus. The ultrasound probe is then moved over your abdomen to produce an ultrasound image via the reflection of the sound waves off the baby. A 3D ultrasound gives you 3-dimensional images that can see both the internal organs of the baby and also external images that can be helpful in diagnosing physical issues like a cleft lip.

A pregnancy ultrasound can be used to confirm the dates of pregnancy and general wellbeing of the fetus (baby), and also to detect any structural anomalies and growth of the fetus. It can be done during the initial visit and is usually part of pregnancy routine health screenings throughout the pregnancy period. Ultrasounds are not invasive, so it brings no risk to you or your baby. It provides an image of the baby in the womb. During an ultrasound, gel is applied on your abdomen area to allow sound waves from the ultrasound probe to pass into your uterus. The ultrasound probe is then moved over your abdomen to produce an ultrasound image via the reflection of the sound waves off the baby. There are several different types of ultrasound like 2D ultrasound, 3D ultrasound, 5D ultrasound, and Doppler ultrasound.

• Fetal Diseases

A Doppler Ultrasound is a non-invasive test used to estimate the blood flow in blood vessels. This is obtained through the bouncing high-frequency sound waves (ultrasounds) off the circulating red blood cells. In pregnancy, Doppler ultrasound is used to study the blood circulation in different parts of your fetus (baby) such as the umbilical cord, brain, and heart, your uterus and placenta.

A transvaginal ultrasound is an internal ultrasound done through the vagina to examine your uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, cervix and vagina. A transvaginal ultrasound may be done during pregnancy to monitor the heartbeat of the fetus or to diagnose any abnormalities in the female reproductive organ prior to conception. Other that pregnancy, you can also have a transvaginal ultrasound for a screening if you have: - vaginal bleeding - pelvic pain - infertility - cysts or uterine fibroids

• Gynaecological Diseases

A transvaginal ultrasound is an internal ultrasound done through the vagina to examine your uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, cervix and vagina. A transvaginal ultrasound may be done during pregnancy to monitor the heartbeat of the fetus or to diagnose any abnormalities in the female reproductive organ prior to conception. Other that pregnancy, you can also have a transvaginal ultrasound for a screening if you have: - vaginal bleeding - pelvic pain - infertility - cysts or uterine fibroids

• Gynaecological Diseases

Pelvic ultrasound uses sound waves to produce pictures of the internal organs around the lower abdomen and pelvis area. It is usually used to examine the reproductive and urinary system. Also known as gynaecological ultrasound, it can also be used during pregnancy to monitor the health and development of the embryo or fetus (baby).

Gynaecological ultrasound uses sound waves to produce pictures of the internal organs around the lower abdomen and pelvis area. It is usually used to examine the reproductive and urinary system. Also known as pelvic ultrasound, it can also be used during pregnancy to monitor the health and development of the embryo or fetus (baby).

• Gynaecological Diseases

Rubella is also known as German measles, and is an infection caused by the rubella virus. Rubella can cause rashes on the skin, and is spread from one person to another when the infected person coughs or sneezes. Blood test is usually needed to accurately diagnose for rubella, followed by treatments.

Varicella is the virus that causes chickenpox and shingles, and can cause skin rashes, itchy blisters, and pain. Chickenpox is usually mild but can be dangerous for infants, adolescents, pregnant women, and people with weakened immune systems.

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection on the skin, usually on the genitals, rectum or mouth. Syphilis can spread from one person to another via skin contact. Early syphilis is mild and can be cured. If left untreated for a long period of time, syphilis can become severe and damage other parts of our body. Treatments for syphilis usually involves medication or injection.

• Syphilis
• Skin Disease

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection that can affect both males and females, usually affecting the urethra, cervix, rectum or the throat. Gonorrhea is common and its symptoms can be hard to detect. Treatments usually involves medications or injections.

• Gonorrhea
• Skin Disease

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease that can be transmitted to oral, vaginal, or anal sex. Chlamydia can be treated using antibiotics but should be diagnosed early. Some of the symptoms of Chlamydia are: -abnormal vaginal discharge -burning sensation with urinating

Hepatitis B screening and vaccine is recommended to be done as early as possible, and is compulsory for all pregnant women who have not been immunized before, and if you have any of the following characteristics: - More than one sex partner during the previous 6 months - Previous evaluation or treatment for a sexually transmitted disease - Recent or current injection of drug use - Hepatitis B-positive sex partner Hepatitis B vaccine is done to minimize the risk of congenital infection and carrier status.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that attackes th immune system and makes our body defenseless against illnesses and diseases. HIV is a sexual transmitted disease that can also be transmitted through blood contact. HIV screening is part of many health screening procedures, and is especially important for couples before they engage in sexual intercourse and women who want to get pregnant.